By Giuseppe Fusco
Power caliber is a urgent quandary in electrical strength structures. one of many major necessities of strength caliber administration is the warrantly of a sinusoidal voltage waveform with sufficient amplitude at each one node of the community. The fulfilment of this sort of keep an eye on goal is facilitated by means of adaptive platforms that can account for unpredictable fluctuations in working conditions.
Adaptive Voltage keep an eye on in energy Systems, a self-contained mix of concept and novel program, is an in-depth therapy of such adaptive regulate schemes. The reader strikes from power-system-modelling difficulties via illustrations of the most adaptive keep watch over structures (self-tuning, model-reference and nonlinearities repayment) to a close description of layout tools: Kalman filtering, parameter-identification algorithms and discrete-time controller layout are all represented. Case stories deal with purposes concerns within the implementation of adaptive voltage control.
Practicing engineers and researchers in energy platforms and keep an eye on engineering will locate this monograph, written by means of representatives of every box, to be a worthwhile synthesis of either whereas its obtainable type also will attract graduate students.
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Extra info for Adaptive Voltage Control in Power Systems - Modeling, Design and Applications
Example text
V1 (tc,k−nA ) θ = a1 . . anA b0 . . bnB v0,1 /cv u(tc,k−d ) . . 5) T where the constant fictitious input cv can be viewed as a scaling factor allowing an estimate of the aggregate parameter v0,1 . 6) The parameters vector θ is determined in such a way that the cost function for the exponentially weighted squared error is minimum k λk−i T J = (tc,k ) Λk (tc,k ) = 2 (tc,i ) i=1 where Λk = diag λk−1 λk−2 . . 2 Indirect Self-tuning Voltage Regulator Design 41 with λ the forgetting factor, and (tc,k ) = (tc,1 ) .
16) where −1 −nB + B + (z −1 ) = 1 + b+ + . . + b+ nB + z 1 z −1 −nB − B − (z −1 ) = b0 + b− + . . + b− nB − z 1 z and nB = nB + + nB − . Usually it is realistic to assume nB − = 0, except for some specific cases, such as voltage regulation at midpoint of a long transmission line [97], which yield to a nonminimum phase model (nB − = 0). 14) approximates the relationship between u(tc,k ) and v1 (tc,k ) at the controlled node. 9. In some cases, further improvement of the accuracy of the time domain model can be obtained by including also a white noise term, which takes into account the noise due to measurement devices and to commutations in the power electronic apparatus.
V1 (tc,k−nA ) θ = a1 . . anA b0 . . bnB v0,1 /cv u(tc,k−d ) . . 5) T where the constant fictitious input cv can be viewed as a scaling factor allowing an estimate of the aggregate parameter v0,1 . 6) The parameters vector θ is determined in such a way that the cost function for the exponentially weighted squared error is minimum k λk−i T J = (tc,k ) Λk (tc,k ) = 2 (tc,i ) i=1 where Λk = diag λk−1 λk−2 . . 2 Indirect Self-tuning Voltage Regulator Design 41 with λ the forgetting factor, and (tc,k ) = (tc,1 ) .
