By Kuo-Hung Hsiao
This booklet provides a different strategy for learning mechanisms and machines with drawings that have been depicted unclearly in historic chinese language books.
The old, cultural and technical backgrounds of the mechanisms are defined, and diverse mechanisms defined and illustrated in historic books are brought. through the use of the assumption for the conceptual layout of contemporary mechanisms, all possible designs of historic mechanisms with doubtful contributors and joints that meet the technical criteria of the themes’ time sessions are synthesized systematically. old chinese language crossbows (the unique crossbow and repeating crossbows), fabric mechanisms (silk-reeling mechanism, spinning mechanisms, and looms), and lots of different artisan's software mechanisms are used as illustrated examples. Such an procedure presents a logical process for the reconstruction designs of historic mechanisms with doubtful constructions. It additionally offers an cutting edge path for researchers to extra establish the unique constructions of mechanisms and machines with drawings in old literature.
This publication can be utilized as a textbook and/or supplemental interpreting fabric for classes concerning historical past of historic (Chinese) equipment and artistic mechanism layout for senior and graduate students.
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Extra info for Mechanisms in Ancient Chinese Books with Illustrations
Example text
4 Nong Zheng Quan Shu《農政全書》by Xu Guang-qi (徐光啟) (AD 1639) The book Nong Zheng Quan Shu《農政全書》authored by Xu Guang-qi (徐光啟, AD 1562–1633) was published in the 12th year (AD 1639) of Era Chongzhen (崇 禎) of the reign of Emperor Sizong (思宗) of the Ming Dynasty (AD 1368–1644). The book contains manufacturing technologies for ancient agriculture and many aspects of people’s livelihood. 4 shows the cover page and original preface, printed by Rei Shu-sen (任樹森), a publisher in the Qing Dynasty (清朝) (AD 1644–1971) in 1837 (Xu 1837).
Therefore, most farming tools in the book, the manufacturing methods, the parts assembly, sizes, and transmission modes are described carefully and truthfully. With lots of explanatory illustrations, this book can be considered a highly valuable textbook about agriculture of that time. Unlike Jia《齊民要術》(Jia 1968) or other agricultural books that are only applicable in some areas, Nong Shu《農書》makes a comprehensive description about ancient China’s whole agricultural system including the seasons, climate, irrigation, soil, and other conditions in that time, as well as farming tools and production technologies, etc.
Since the illustration is not clear, the link (KL) is connected to the frame (KF) with an uncertain joint. Considering the type and the direction of motion of the link, the joint has three possible types. First, the link rotates about the z-axis only, denoted as JRz. Second, the link not only rotates Px about the z-axis but also translates along the x-axis, denoted as JRz . Third, the link not only rotates about the y and z axes but also translates along the x and z axes, Pxz denoted as JRyz . The x and y axes are defined as the horizontal and vertical directions in the illustration, respectively.
