Powders and Bulk Solids: Behavior, Characterization, Storage by Dietmar Schulze PDF

By Dietmar Schulze

The booklet concentrates on powder movement houses, their dimension and purposes. those themes are defined ranging from the interactions among person debris as much as the layout of silos. a variety of difficulties are mentioned - similar to stream obstructions, segregation, and vibrations. The aim is to supply a deeper figuring out of the powder stream, and to teach functional solutions.In the 1st half the basics of bulk solids circulation are defined: particle-particle interactions, tension, friction, energy, density, circulate homes and techniques of size, shear testers and different attempt techniques, particular houses of powders and the way they're stimulated by way of moisture, temperature, and movement agents.The moment half offers with the applying of the move houses within the layout of thoroughly operating bulk stable packing containers like containers, silos, and hoppers. different themes comprise: the technical layout of silo partitions, feeders, discharge aids, inserts, the evaluation of stresses in silos, segregation and the way to prevent it, and vibrations or shocks taking place in silos.

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Extra info for Powders and Bulk Solids: Behavior, Characterization, Storage and Flow

Sample text

1]) In bulk solids technology one calls the failure “incipient flow”, because at failure the consolidated bulk solid specimen starts to flow. Thereby the bulk solid dilates somewhat in the region of the surface of the fracture, since the distances between individual particles increase. Therefore incipient flow is plastic deformation with decrease of bulk density (see Sect. 5). 1 Uniaxial compression test 37 specific yield limit for the bulk solid. Only when this yield limit is reached does the bulk solid start to flow.

5 Elastic and plastic deformation 21 When a powder is tested, for example with a shear tester, often the bulk density, ρb, is determined by measuring mass and volume of the bulk solid specimen. , the magnitude of the consolidation stress acting on the bulk solid. With increasing consolidation stress porosity, ε, decreases and bulk density, ρb, increases, since with compaction of a bulk solid the volumes of the voids between the particles, but usually not the particle volumes, decrease. With fine-grained bulk solids, bulk density can depend strongly on consolidation stress.

2, an instantaneous flow function and two time flow functions are shown. , for the storage period t = 0. A time flow function represents the unconfined yield strength which emerges after storage at the consolidation stress over a period of time, t (see Sect. 2). The instantaneous flow function and time flow functions from Fig. 3 are shown in Fig. a along with the boundaries of the ranges, which follow from the classification of flowability as outlined above. It can be seen that flowabilities, ffc, measured at identical consolidation stress, but after different consolidation periods, decrease with increasing consolidation time.

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