By Institute of Medicine, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Division of International Health
Utilizing information from the area healthiness association and different foreign corporations, this publication analyzes ailment burdens, pathogen descriptions, geographic distribution of ailments, substitute regulate measures and coverings, and customers for vaccine improvement. It presents an perception into immunological and overseas future health coverage priorities.
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Extra info for New vaccine development establishing priorities. Volume II : Diseases of importance in developing countries
Sample text
The two ways of performing these steps will give the same result as long as the rule for combining consequence scores (utilities) is linear and additive. If the combination rule were multiplicative, for example, the answers generally would differ. COST-EFFECTIVENESS AND COST-UTILITY ANALYSIS Cost-effectiveness analysis is a formal method for selecting projects under a resource constraint. , NIAID budget for new vaccine development or national expenditures on vaccinations) and that the resource burden of each candidate project be estimated.
The effectiveness, then, would be the net effectiveness, considering all other benefits and costs (excluding the cost of development). One possible effectiveness measure would be the score, or expected utility, resulting from the multiattribute scoring method or the decision-analytic method described above. For example, Ui might be the expected utility for the ith vaccine, as estimated by the procedure described in the preceding section. Then the cost-utility ratio, Ci/Ui, would become the basis for ranking.
The committee sought the most reliable available data from published sources and experts as a foundation for its calculations. Although concerned about the probabilistic and subjective aspects of its estimates, the committee recognized these elements as unavoidable in a priority setting exercise such as this one. When factual information was not available, the choice was whether needed estimates should be made explicit or left implicit. The committee chose to identify and quantify pertinent estimates rather than to leave them vague or unspecified.
