By Mary Canning
Russia's academic method, with wide entry, and excessive degrees of scholarly fulfillment, has lengthy been a resource of power. The Soviet approach, besides the fact that, was once grossly overcentralized, inefficient, and missing in responsibility. within the final decade, tried quick decentralization has now not been good designed, on account that there was no commensurate move of assets and degrees of accountability have remained doubtful. except corrected quickly, the damaging influence on academic caliber and fairness may be very severe. the needs of this file are to research the character of the present difficulties and to debate coverage techniques open to the Russian govt in its efforts to enhance academic potency, conserving or even enhancing equitable entry, with no sacrificing traditions of educational excellence. This file is predicated on research of traits around the 89 Russian areas and case reports. In its conclusions, the document attracts in this local adventure to indicate reform strategies. between different proposals, potency can be elevated by means of giving faculties elevated monetary autonomy, utilizing of in step with capita financing formulae, and starting to rationalize the instructing strength and increase its caliber. a countrywide approach of scholar evaluate may help either to elevate caliber and enhance the fairness of entry to hugely selective associations. Reforms are required to enhance the industry responsiveness of first-level vocational schooling, and particularly to prevent over the top and untimely specialization. schooling practitioners and coverage makers will locate this ebook of curiosity.
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Additional info for Reforming Education in the Regions of Russia (World Bank Technical Paper)
Sample text
A high rate of return might be achieved in investments that improve school infrastructure to reduce the current high levels of expenditure on heat, electricity and water. However, to achieve equity, Government should ensure that no qualified student is denied access to education of the same quality because of the family's inability to pay. Targeted scholarships could be introduced to protect the poor. School Financing Mechanisms. Given current inefficiencies in the mobilization and utilization of resources for education in Russia, a formula-based approach to funding education and training in Russia is a promising option.
Given current inefficiencies in the mobilization and utilization of resources for education in Russia, a formula-based approach to funding education and training in Russia is a promising option. A demand-side "capitation" funding formula ("money follows students") allocates funds based on the number of pupils enrolled in each institution, with some differences to reflect factors known to affect per-pupil costs such as: (i) the level of education (with more allocated usually for upper levels); (ii) the type of school (more for vocational than for general); and (iii) the extent to which a school's location is urban or rural (since education tends to cost more in rural areas).
4 The last full CAS for the Russian Federation was discussed by the World Bank's Executive Directors on June 8, 1997. The CAS update, discussed by the Board on December 22, 1998, highlights the increased need for assistance to the education Page 11 Chapter 1 of this report presents major issues in Russian education, identified through primary and secondary data analysis and in discussions with Russian educators, including during the study team's visits to Saratov, Samara and Novgorod Oblasts. Chapter 2 addresses differences across Russia and demonstrates growing inequalities in how funds are allocated and spent at regional and sub-regional levels, through an analysis of budgetary trends in the 89 regions.
