By Sally Mitchell
Read or Download Daily Life In Victorian England PDF
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Extra resources for Daily Life In Victorian England
Example text
In 1802 the first Factory Act was passed. The government was reluctant to interfere with the freedom of employers and workers to come to their own agreements about wages and working conditions, even when this freedom meant that CHILD LABOR IN 1843 1. That instances occur in which Children begin to work as early as three or four years of age; not infrequently at five, and between five and six; while, in general, regular employment commences between seven and eight; the great majority of the Children having begun to work before they are nine years old, although in some few occupations no Children are employed until they are ten and even twelve years old and upwards.
Unionization spread rapidly among women in skilled and unskilled trades; the first major success by unskilled workers (of either gender) was the victory of the Bryant and May “matchgirls” in their strike of 1888. Strikes, union advances, and labor organization were powerful forces for change in the last years of the century. A third Reform Bill, in 1884, gave the vote to most urban working men. In 1886 there were 10 times as many voters as there had been in 1831, before the first Reform Bill. In addition, the property qualification for service in the House of Commons had been removed.
Their labor was physical and often dirty; it showed in their clothes and their hands. They were paid a daily or weekly wage. Men of the middle classes did clean work that usually involved mental rather than physical effort. They earned a monthly or yearly salary. The elite or upper classes did not work for money. They included the aristocracy and the landed gentry. Their income came from inherited land or investments. The Working Classes Although members of the working class are not much seen in Victorian fiction or in popular conceptions of Victorian life, about three people out of every four did manual work.
