By Miriam Meyerhoff
'Here is a welcome creation to sociolinguistics via a number one researcher within the box. clients should be encouraged through the breadth and sweep of Meyerhoff's treatment.' – William Labov, college of Pennsylvania, united states 'Miriam Meyerhoff’s wonderful quantity revels within the range that's the cornerstone of sociolinguistics – she takes us to each continent to supply modern, clean and fascinating examples of the foremost techniques of the self-discipline, and does so in a well-paced and readable variety. The publication is authoritative but open-minded, leading edge but touches the entire bases that have to be touched. so much of all, it embodies a keenness for sociolinguistics that i am hoping many readers will embrace.' – David Britain, collage of Essex, united kingdom This key textual content presents an excellent, updated appreciation of the interdisciplinary nature of the sphere. It covers starting place matters, contemporary advances and present debates – featuring accepted or vintage information in new methods, and supplementing the acquainted with clean examples from a variety of languages and social settings. It basically explains the styles and platforms that underlie language version in use, in addition to the ways that alternations among various language forms index own kind, social energy and nationwide identification. person chapters disguise: social dialects and person type language attitudes politeness multilingualism and language selection actual time and obvious time swap in language social type, social networks and groups of perform gender language and dialect touch. every one bankruptcy contains routines that let readers to interact seriously with the textual content, escape packing containers making connections among sociolinguistics and linguistic or social concept, and short, energetic components absolute to make the ebook a memorable and stress-free learn. With an entire word list of phrases and recommendations for extra analyzing, this article provides scholars the entire instruments they wish for a superb command of sociolinguistics.
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Extra resources for Introducing Sociolinguistics
Example text
No social or contextual constraint determines where you will hear one form rather than another 100 per cent of the time. However, they will tell you how likely you are to hear different forms in different contexts and with different speakers. The difference is probabilistic. This is why it is so helpful to take the trouble to quantify forms for different speakers or in different contexts. (The notion of determinism recurs in Chapter 4 when we discuss sexist language. ’ Sociolinguists’ studies of language in use have shown that variation is always more or less constrained by some factor relevant to the context in which a speaker is using their language.
Indeed, sociolinguistics would be a pretty dry business if all it did was document differences and similarities. But because sociolinguists are interested in the people and the use of language as much as they are interested in linguistic structure, the field is a bit more vibrant than that. It is impossible to provide an exhaustive list of what motivates speakers to use language differently from each other or in different ways at different times. A lot of the context of language in use is very idiosyncratic.
The general or abstract feature that you are investigating is what is called the variable. The actual instantiations of the variable in speech are known as the variants. There are two ways we can identify a variable. , (ear) in this case. A second convention is to refer to vowel variables by using the system of key words in Wells (1982). In this particular case, we would talk about the NEAR vowel or the NEAR lexical set. I will often use Wells’s key words in this text, because they have been chosen carefully to pick out classes of words which are reasonably robust across different varieties of English.
