By Anna A. Grotans
Studying to learn in medieval Germany intended studying to learn and comprehend Latin in addition to the students' personal language. The educating tools utilized in the medieval Abbey of St. Gall live on within the translations and commentaries of the monk, pupil and instructor Notker Labeo (ca. 950-1022). Notker's pedagogic technique, even if deeply rooted in classical and monastic traditions, demonstrates progressive techniques that come with offering translations within the students' local German, providing structural remark within the type of simplified observe order and punctuation, and furnishing designated markers that helped readers to accomplish texts out loud. Anna Grotans examines this particular interaction among orality and literacy in Latin and previous excessive German, and illustrates her examine with many examples from Notker's manuscripts. This learn has a lot to give a contribution to our wisdom of medieval examining, and of the connection among Latin and the vernacular in numerous formal and casual contexts.
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Extra resources for Reading in Medieval St. Gall
Example text
38 Interpretation was broken down into four categories: lectio, enarratio, emendatio and iudicum. Diomedes’ definition of the art was influential well into the Middle Ages: Grammatica est specialiter scientia exercitata lectionis et expositionis eorum quae apud poetas et scriptores dicuntur, apud poetas, ut ordo servetur, apud scriptores, ut ordo careat vitiis. grammaticae partes sunt duae, altera quae vocatur exegetice, altera horistice. exegetice est enarrativa, quae pertinet ad officia lectionis: horistice est finitiva, quae praecepta demonstrat, cuius species sunt hae, partes orationis vitia virtutesque.
Thus, instead of using phonological units such as speech sounds and syllables, authors shift to a stem-ending analysis, which is apparent in scribal abbreviations of paradigms. Instead of abbreviating according to syllables, they abbreviate according to stem + ending. Such a consistent form of segmentation would become the norm, but not until the twelfth century. In the monasteries of Germanic-speaking regions, Latin was practically synonymous with literacy. Nonetheless, reading Latin, albeit anchored in a written text, was still largely oral in nature – both out of habit and necessity.
Scripture” functions as an oral text that must be pronounced clearly: Et hoc sciendum est, quia regula dicit, illos legere, qui aedificent audientes, ideo necesse est, ut auctoritates diversorum sanctorum patrum, quae docent, qualiter legendum est, hic subjungamus, videlicet ex dictis Augustini et Ambrosii, Bedae necnon et Isidori, sive etiam Victorini et Servii et aliorum grammaticorum collectae existunt, quae docent recte et distincte obscurorum sensuum secundum accentuum sonos legere atque distinguere.
