By Vicki L. Hesli, William M. Reisinger
Read or Download The 1999-2000 Elections in Russia: Their Impact and Legacy PDF
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Extra resources for The 1999-2000 Elections in Russia: Their Impact and Legacy
Example text
Only channel that does not carry advertising. Commercial station 69 51 8 19 Source: Author’s research; daily viewership is from April 2001 survey cited in chapter. 1993, it can be argued that its ability to succeed even when the presidential administration was extremely unpopular (as in 1995) showed increasing skill in campaigning. In addition, Unity managed to run almost even with the Communist Party in the 1999 Duma elections, providing a smoother path for Putin’s victory in the presidential race a few months later.
In Russia, the two largest state television networks have been controlled by the government at the time of elections. The president has the ability to hire and fire the heads of the stations (a power he has exercised freely in the past). Perhaps even more importantly, there is no tradition of journalistic freedom or protection in Russian society. Journalists must cooperate if they want to keep their jobs or, in some recent cases, their liberty or even their lives. While there are commercial television stations in Russia, they 11 Figures from a March 2000 survey of 1,600 respondents in Russia, commissioned by Stephen White and Richard Rose.
Fish explores possible explanations, such as the cultural and historical legacies of Russia and the superpresidentialism structure of the Russian 22 Vicki L. Hesli government, for why elections in Russia have not encouraged party system development. Superpresidentialism, as characterized by the extraordinary ` power of the president vis-a-vis other potential sites of power within and outside the government, is identified as the primary obstacle to party development in Russia. This obstacle to party development is exacerbated by the timing of the elections (holding the parliamentary elections just six months before the presidential elections) and the nomination process that does not require party endorsement.
